أضواء حول النخبة المغربية خلال القرن التاسع عشر مولاي الحبيب صبري العلوي- جامعة ابن طفيل القنيطرة - المغرب

Abstract

The Moroccan elite during the 19th century formed a bridge between local traditions and the demands of modernity, dividing into two currents: a political-religious elite that sought internal reform through Makhzen institutions, and an intellectual elite influenced by contact with Europe that called for modernizing the state and society. Figures such as Al-Mokhtar Al-Soussi and Mohammed Ben Al-Arabi Al-Alawi emerged, attempting to keep pace with global transformations, but they encountered opposition from traditional forces and colonial pressures. Despite their limited influence due to weak institutions, their efforts laid the groundwork for later reform movements in the 20th century.